State-Level Reports
“Montana has some of the best recreation the West has to offer and that plays a key role in attracting employers and their employees. Our open space and public lands add value to local businesses, whether retaining companies or attracting others to move to Montana. A high quality of life leads to a richer business environment and public lands are a big part of that.”
–Stuart Leidner, Executive Director, Prospera Business Network
Montana’s economy is growing and outperforming the rest of the country.
This fact sheet summarizes Montana’s recent economic growth and the role of protected public lands in supporting faster job creation and higher per-capita income. It is part of a larger report — West is Best — that analyzes how and why the West is outperforming the nation, and the competitive advantage offered by its protected lands, which attract talent, investment, and businesses.
Montana vs Non-Western U.S.,
Percent Change, 2000-2011
From 2000 to 2011, Montana’s rate of population, employment, and real personal income growth each outpaced the rest of the nation.
Higher-wage services industries lead Montana’s growth.
Change in Employment by Industry, Montana, 2000-2011
From 2000 to 2011, Montana’s economy created 74,243 net new jobs, with the great majority of this growth coming from services industries, many of them high-paying. The fastest growing sectors included health care, real estate, and professional and technical services.
Protected federal lands help create more jobs…
Montana’s employment and personal income is growing rapidly. From 2000-2011 the state’s employment gains ranked 9th in the nation, and Montana’s personal income increase also ranked 9th overall.
Percent Change in Employment,
Non-Metro West, 1970-2010
From 1970 to 2010, western non-metro counties with more than 30% of the county’s land base in federal protected status increased jobs by 345%. As the share of federal lands in protected status goes down, the rate of job growth declines as well. Non-metro counties with no protected federal land increased jobs by 83%.
…and contribute to higher incomes.
Average Increase in Per-Capita Income from Protected Public Lands for Non-Metro West, 2010
On average, western non-metro counties have a per capita income that is $436 higher for every 10,000 acres of protected federal lands within their boundaries.
References
- The West is defined as the 11 public lands continental western states: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. “Protected” federal lands include areas such as National Parks, Wilderness, National Monuments, National Conservation Areas, National Recreation Areas, National Wild and Scenic Rivers, and National Wildlife Refuges. For more details, see: the full report.
- Non-Metropolitan counties are counties without an urbanized area of 50,000 or more population, or a high degree of social and economic integration with a Metropolitan Statistical Area as measured by commuting ties.
- Data in this publication are from: U.S. Department of Commerce. 2012. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Information System, Washington, D.C.; U.S. Department of Commerce. 2012. Census Bureau, Population Division, Washington, D.C.; U.S. Department of Commerce. 2012. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Regional Economic Information System, Washington, D.C.; U.S. Department of Commerce. 2011. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, Washington, D.C.; AZ Land Resources Information System, 2009; MT Natural Heritage Program, 2008; Conservation Biology Institute, 2008 (for CA); Conservation Biology Institute, 2006 (for remaining states).
- Details on the per-capita income study are in our Technical Report.
- Some industry categories have been modified from the original source to better illustrate employment in sub-sectors that are important to the western economy. Wood Products Manufacturing is a sub-set of total Manufacturing and consists of the wood product (NAICS 511) and paper (NAICS 537) manufacturing sectors. The Bureau of Economic Analysis does not report employment at this NAICS level (i.e., the 3-digit level), but does provide personal income at this level. To estimate employment for these sectors at the 3-digit level, we calculated a ratio consisting of personal income earned in these sectors divided by personal income earned in all manufacturing. We multiplied this ratio by total manufacturing employment to estimate the number of jobs in wood products and paper manufacturing. Manufacturing consists of total manufacturing minus Woods Products Manufacturing. Forestry is part of Forestry, Fishing, Related Activities, and Other and consists of the non-manufacturing components of the timber industry, such as growing and harvesting.
